Economy
Bahman Khodapanah; Mohammad Ali Moradi; Hamid Padash; Kamal Sakhdari
Abstract
Entrepreneurship transforms the challenges of regions into opportunities such as increasing employment and income rates, reducing crimes caused by unemployment and poverty. Clearly, entrepreneurship development is not possible without efficient institutions that respond creatively and entrepreneurially ...
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Entrepreneurship transforms the challenges of regions into opportunities such as increasing employment and income rates, reducing crimes caused by unemployment and poverty. Clearly, entrepreneurship development is not possible without efficient institutions that respond creatively and entrepreneurially to local and regional issues and challenges. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to identify the institutional barriers to entrepreneurship development in Iran from a historical perspective before the Islamic Revolution of 1979. Therefore, 12 sources related to Iran's underdevelopment have been selected and were analyzed by using the theme analysis strategy and Atlas T software in two stages of open and axial coding. According to the results, the main root of entrepreneurship underdevelopment in Iran should be examined in the course of history, and the unfavorable business environment at the present time is not the only reason for the lack of entrepreneurship development in Iran . The most important institutional barriers identified in the studied texts can be classified into 6 main categories: administrative barriers, economic barriers, social and cultural barriers, legal and regulatory barriers, political barriers, personal and cognitive barriers, which are part of these barriers (administrative, economic, legal-regulatory, political) in the category of formal institutions and another part (socio-cultural and cognitive-personal) in the category of informal institutions.
Economy
Hamid Padash; Mohamad Ajirlu; bahman khodapanah
Volume 18, Issue 9 , February 2019, , Pages 39-52
Abstract
A business environment refers to the factors affecting the performance of enterprises the managers or owners of which cannot change or improve them. The book “Improving the Business Environment and the Realization of Resistive Economy” is a book whose author has sought to establish a relationship ...
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A business environment refers to the factors affecting the performance of enterprises the managers or owners of which cannot change or improve them. The book “Improving the Business Environment and the Realization of Resistive Economy” is a book whose author has sought to establish a relationship between the business environment and the realization of a resistive economy. To this end, the ease of doing business index was selected and attempts were made to scrutinize it using comparative tables and charts. This article is structured with format review and content review. The author's referent (business environment) has a wide range of distinct indices that have important differences, and not all of these cases and referents can be considered similar and identical, but the author only refers to one of the indices, which is an important index. Considering the fact that the book pursues an excellent goal, it adds a concise explanation of the relationship between the business environment and the resistive economy to the richness of the work, and it is expected that the author pays attention to the points raised in subsequent editions to enhance the quality of the work.
Economy
Hamid Padash; bahman khodapanah
Volume 17, Issue 9 , March 2018, , Pages 1-26
Abstract
One of the most important components of implementing resistive economy is to pay special attention to the production of primary commodities and fundamental products based on knowledge-based economy. In order to realize the resistive economy policies in Iran, there is a need ...
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One of the most important components of implementing resistive economy is to pay special attention to the production of primary commodities and fundamental products based on knowledge-based economy. In order to realize the resistive economy policies in Iran, there is a need to move from low-tech level to high- tech level productions. Business development in the sophisticated exports requires the development of technical and institutional capabilities. Hence, the present study aims to investigate and introduce the mechanisms of production of complex and sophisticated commodities in Iran according to the capability approach. After reviewing the research literature, using the complexity atlas, proposed by Hausmann and Hidalgo (2013), Iran’s position in world complex products has been analyzed. Results show that Iran has not been successful in producing complex commodities. Iran’s production and exports are often related to simple commodities, and like many other developing countries, Iran has suffered from acquiescence trap. Finally, policy suggestions have been made to improve the level of product complexity.
Economy
Hamid Padash
Volume 17, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 1-19
Abstract
Michael Sandel (2012) criticizes the neoliberal policies that were presented and implemented in many countries from 1970s in his book”What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets”. The writer has criticized a situation in which neoliberal policies have led to commodification and monetization ...
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Michael Sandel (2012) criticizes the neoliberal policies that were presented and implemented in many countries from 1970s in his book”What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets”. The writer has criticized a situation in which neoliberal policies have led to commodification and monetization of social relations. He shows how our daily and routine experiences have lost their social and collective aspects. The individuals assess and justify their incentives on the material profit (and loss) basis. This paper is structured in the framework of the formal critique and content critique. It is argued, in this paper, that there are important differences between these features which are not equal. But, the writer categorizes all of them in just one category and presents similar explanation for them. This is the most important critique to the book that describes itself as a book for ”how we live in the market-oriented capitalist world”.
